Geographical Information Systems

he Cultural Resource Group has Geographical Information Systems or GIS capabilities. In archaeology, GIS has been used to create predictive models of archaeological site locations.

A recent project example is Louis Berger's partnership with the Historical Society of Washington, D.C., a non-profit educational organization. The Berger Group developed a GIS module for the District of Columbia State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) to facilitate archaeological resource management.

The purpose of the project was to recreate the historical topography of Washington County, as a basis for management decisions regarding archaeological site identification in the District of Columbia. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), the recreated mapping provides a basis for interpreting the historical development of the District of Columbia and identifying areas of the city which have potential for future archaeological investigation.

Detailed historical contour maps from 1791 and 1892 were digitized and geo-referenced to the existing GIS used by the National Capital Planning Commission (NCPC). Comparison of the historical contours with modern (1991) contours in the NCPC GIS provided a basis to identify intact historical landscapes, which might contain archaeological sites. In a selected one-square mile area, potential archaeological sites were field checked to assess the accuracy of the model.

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